Humans and dogs are the only two species known to seek visual clues from another’s eyes. And dogs only do it with humans.
Eye contact plays a fundamental role in human communication and relationships. However, humans also make eye contact with dog companions. According to new research by Hungarian ethologists, at least four independent traits affect dogs’ ability to establish eye contact with humans. Short-headed, cooperative, young and playful dogs are the most likely to look into the human eye.
Dogs adapted uniquely well to live with humans, and communication plays a vital role. They are sensitive to the direction of the human’s gaze, which helps them decide whether a message is directed to them. Forming eye contact with the owner raises oxytocin levels in both parties, which plays a role in developing social bonding.